Chondroitin

Also known as chondroitin sulfate, chondroiten.

Last reviewed October 9, 2026 · Jump to references

What is Chondroitin?

In plain words

Chondroitin is a natural substance in cartilage, the tissue that cushions joints. It helps cartilage hold water, but when swallowed, it is partly broken down and only some is absorbed. Researchers study it mainly for osteoarthritis pain and joint function. Study results are mixed, and supplement products can differ in quality.

Technical definition

Chondroitin sulfate is a sulfated glycosaminoglycan composed of repeating glucuronic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine units, occurring naturally in cartilage and other connective tissues. As part of extracellular-matrix proteoglycans, it helps retain water and supports cartilage’s resistance to compression; orally consumed material undergoes variable breakdown and absorption rather than acting through one established receptor. It is marketed as a dietary supplement in the United States, while certain pharmaceutical preparations are authorized as medicines in some other countries.

Educational information only. This page does not provide medical advice or determine whether a supplement is appropriate for you. Review supplements with a qualified healthcare professional, especially if you take medication, are pregnant, have surgery scheduled, or have a chronic medical condition.

Evidence by use

Each use is rated on its own. There is no single overall effectiveness score.