Echinacea

Also known as echinacia, purple coneflower, echinacea purpurea.

Last reviewed October 9, 2026 · Jump to references

What is Echinacea?

In plain words

Echinacea is an herbal product made from plants known as purple coneflowers. The body absorbs and breaks down some of its plant chemicals, which may affect signals between immune cells. Researchers study whether it helps prevent colds or shorten how long they last, but results are mixed. It can cause allergic reactions, especially in people sensitive to plants in the daisy family.

Technical definition

Echinacea is a botanical preparation derived from purple coneflowers in the genus Echinacea, particularly E. purpurea; its constituents include alkamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysaccharides. Some alkamides interact with cannabinoid CB2 receptors in experimental systems and may influence immune signaling, but clinical effects cannot be attributed to a single established target or mechanism. In the United States, echinacea is marketed as a dietary supplement, not an FDA-approved treatment for colds or other diseases.

Educational information only. This page does not provide medical advice or determine whether a supplement is appropriate for you. Review supplements with a qualified healthcare professional, especially if you take medication, are pregnant, have surgery scheduled, or have a chronic medical condition.

Evidence by use

Each use is rated on its own. There is no single overall effectiveness score.