Valerian

Also known as valeriana officinalis, valerian root, valarian.

Last reviewed October 9, 2026 · Jump to references

What is Valerian?

In plain words

Valerian is an herb whose underground parts are used in supplements. Some of its compounds may strengthen signals that slow activity in the brain. Researchers study it for sleep problems and anxiety, but results are inconsistent. It can cause drowsiness, which may increase when combined with alcohol or other substances that make people sleepy.

Technical definition

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a botanical whose root and rhizome preparations contain constituents such as valerenic acids and volatile oils. Valerenic acid can modulate GABA-A receptors in laboratory studies, potentially enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission, although the mechanisms and clinical effects of whole-root preparations remain incompletely established. In the United States, valerian is marketed as a dietary supplement and is not FDA-approved to treat insomnia or anxiety.

Educational information only. This page does not provide medical advice or determine whether a supplement is appropriate for you. Review supplements with a qualified healthcare professional, especially if you take medication, are pregnant, have surgery scheduled, or have a chronic medical condition.

Evidence by use

Each use is rated on its own. There is no single overall effectiveness score.